Gage.



and A.

" NrTED STATES retentea oeteieel1 1e, 190e'.

CHARLES S. LABOFISIL OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

GAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part ef Letters Patent rre. 7,111,146, dated oeteber 13, 1903.

Application led April l, 1901.

ro pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in gages.

One object of myinvention is to produce a neat, simple, and comprehensive instrument I5 capable of measuring the external and inter nal diameter of cylindrical and fiat objects with great facility and without adjustment.

Another object of my invention is to so construct niy instrument as to enable one to use 2o it as a square to ascertain the squareness of inner or outer rectangular objects.

To the ends and objects just mentioned, myinvention consists of certain devices, coinbination of parts, and features of construcz 5 tion,all of which will be hereinafter described,

and particularly pointed out in the concluding claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a face view of my gage.

3o Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the blades swung around for measuring the external diameter of objects. Fig.3 is a side elevation of Fig. 2, showing the blades slightly open to expose part of the diamond-shaped 3 5 block.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

As shown in the drawings, my gage consists of two similar blades A A, each of which 4o has one of its ends c'ut away from the extreme lower corner of the edge A up to a short distance from its opposite upper corner, so as to leave ashort parallel edge a and form an angle of forty-five degrees ofthe edges A Thus when the two blades are placed side by side with their edges A adjoining they form jointly a salient angle of ninety degrees along their outer edges A, as in Fig. l, and when the two blades are placed 5o so that their parallel edges a adjoin they form a similar inside angle of ninety degrees along the edges A, as in Fig. 2. Along the edges Serial No. 53,898. (No model.)

A of the two blades are graduation-marks representing minute fractions of an inch and numerals each indicating inches, halves, 0r quarters of an inch. The numerals of the two blades run each in reverse order to the other, so that whichever of the parallel edges are adjoining the numerals at the right are in proper position to be read at a glance and the graduation-marks are at right angles to the straight edges A for the same purpose.

To dispense with very minute graduation marks, which are subject to obliteration, steplike serrations B may be cut along the edges A", each of said steps representing a fraction of an inch. Said steps also assist in centering the object to be measured by bearing against it in the manner shown in Figs. l and 2. Each of the upper corners of each of said blades is in the present construction cut away to a certain angle C, and an ear D is preferably formed between the two cut-away corners C, whereby the blade may be pivoted, for the purpose hereinafter described.

The two blades A, shaped as previously described, are held pivotally in a yoke by their ears D with their parallel edges A adjoining. It will be observed that the ears D are in the middle of the upper corners of each blade. Consequently when the two blades are swung around on their pivots the two parallel edges a will adjoin and contact. The yoke referred to, in which the two blades are held pivotally, is composed of two plates E and F and a block G between. The latter holds the two plates the proper distance apart, so that the blades may swing freely on their pivots, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The block G is in the Vpresent illustration diamondshaped in its contour, so that its angles may corners O impinging against the block G prevent the blades from moving beyond the central vertical line of the block G between the two pivots D when the blades are in either position, so that the two lower ends of the blades, as well as the graduation-1narks, are

IOO

alwaysin perfect alinement and the angle formed by the two blades is always true when the blades are in either position and require no attention on the part of the user. Y The numerals and graduation-marks referred to above when the two bladesAAare in the position shown in Fig. l indicate in graded progression the joint width of the two blades forming the salient angle. If now the salient angle be inserted into an orifice in an object until the edges A" touch diametrically the walls ofthe orifice, the graduation-marks at the points upon the angle where the surface-line of the object measured intersects x5 said angle thusindicate the internal diameter of the orifice by reason of the portion of the angle occupying the diametrical line of the orifice, as clearly shown in Fig. l. Similarly, when the two blades are swung around upon 2o their pivots so as to bring them into position shown in Fig. 2 the numerals and the graduation-marks indicate in graded progression the distance between the two edges A". If now an object be entered between the two blades forming the rentrant angle in the manner shown in Fig. 2,-the diametrical surface-line of the object which intersects the two edges A being in line with the graduation-marks thereon is thus measured and 3o indicated by the said graduation-marks and numerals. As described, the two blades form angles of ninety degrees when in either position. Consequently this instrument may be used to ascertain the squareness of objects with equal facility, thus adding to its usefulness as a measuring and gaging instrument.

As slight changes may be made in the general construction of my device, I consider myself at liberty to make such alterations 4o as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A gage comprising a plate, oppositely- 4 5 disposed pivots held iixedly thereon, and two angular blades held reversibly upon said pivots-to form jointly a salient or a reentrant angle, to gage the inner or outer squareness of rectangular objects.

2. A gage comprising oppositelydisposed angular blades, means for holding the blades reversibly to form jointly a salient or a reentrant angle, and means for controlling the two ends of said blades to form .correct ver- 53 texes.

3. A gage comprising oppositelydisposed angular blades, means for holding the blades reversibly to form jointlyl a salient or a ren trant angle, and graduation -marks along 6o those edges of said blades which form said angles, for the purpose specified.

4;. A gage comprising a plate, oppositelydisposed pivots thereon, angular blades held reversibly upon said pivots, to form jointly a salient or a rentrant angle, and means upon said plate for controlling the free ends of the blades, to form correct verteXes.

.5. A gagecom'prising two angulaig'blades, each having one angle of forty-five degrees, and means for holding said blades reversibly Yto fornLjointly a salient or a rentrant angle of ninety degrees, to gage the squaren'ess of rectangular objects..4 u

6. A gage comprising 'two' contiguouslyf mounted angular blades each having oneangle of forty-five degrees, a plate, pivots upon said plate upon which said blades are held reversibly, and means upon said plate for controlling the vertexes of the blades, to form-jointly a salient or a rentrant angle of ninety degrees.

7. A gage comprising two angular blades each of which has a long edge andra short edge parallel thereto, a plate and pivots thereon, said blades being held contiguously and reversibly upon said pivots, to forni jointly a salient angle when the-long; edges zi' contact or a rentrant angle "whenthe shot-f, edges contact. e Y V 8. A gage I'comprising two angular bladesf lneansfor holding the blades reversiblyfto form jointly a salient or a rentrant angle,

and a device intermediate between^thewtwoV disposed pivots thereon, two angular blades .j tv journaled upon said pivots, and a block upon said plate against which said blades impinge, to control the vertexes of said blades to form jointly correct vertexes. Y

lO. A gage comprising a plate, oppositelydisposed pivots thereon, a block intermediate between, and in horizontal alinement with, said pivots, and two angular blades journaled upon said pivots contiguously, the contiguous edges of said blades being in vertical alinement with the center of said'block, to form jointly correct vertexes.

11. A gage comprising two bladeseach of which is cut away from its eXtreme lowercorner toward the opposite upper corner, and having its upper corners out away to acertain angle, a plate upon which said blades are held reversibly, and an angular `blockupon said plate of corresponding angle against which one of the upper corners of eachblade impinges, for the vertexes of said blades: to form jointly a correct vertex. 'f i' l2. A gage comprising two contiguouslymounted trapezoidal blades each having one edge oblique to its parallel sides, a plate upon which said blades are held reversibly toforni a salient or a rentrant angle, and graduation-marks along said oblique edges ofthe blades which, form said angles, for the purpose specified.

13. A gage comprising two con'tiguou'sly mounted trapezoidal blades, a plate upon which said blades are held reversibly to form jointly asalient or a rentrant angle, and

graduation-marks along the oblique edges of said blades, to collectively indicate measurements of objects of various diameters without adjustment, said graduation-marks being at right angles to the straight edges A of said blades, to facilitate the reading.

14. A gage comprising two contiguouslymounted trapezoidal blades, a plate upon which said blades are held reversibly, to form a salient or a rentrant angle, graduationmarks upon the oblique edges of said blades, and numerals upon each blade for indicating inches or half-inches, said numerals of one blade being in reverse order to those of the other, for the purpose specified.

15. A gage comprising ayoke, and two angular blades held reversibly therein, said yoke being composed of two plates and a block between the two plates to hold them the proper distance apart, for said blades to turn freely to form a salient or a rentrant angle.

16. A'gage comprising two angular blades each of which is cut away from the extreme lower corner toward the opposite upper corner and having its upper corners cut away, and an ear intermediate between the upper corners, a plate, and a block thereon upon which said blades are held reversibly with their cut-away corners impinging against said block.

17. A gage comprising a yoke, said yoke being composed of two plates and a block between, pivots for holding the plates in position, said pivots being in horizontal alinement with said block, and two angular blades having ycut away upper corners journaled upon said pivots between the two plates with one of the cut-away corners of each blade impinging against said block, to prevent the movement of either blade beyond the Vertical central line through said block.

18. A gage comprising two contiguouslymounted blades, each of which has one of its corners out away and the edge thus formed serrated, to center the object to be measured, and means for holding the blades reversibly, to form a salient or a rentrant angle.

19. A gage comprising a plate, oppositelydisposed pivots thereon, two angular blades held reversibly upon said pivots, to form a salient or a reentrant angle and steps upon the edges for the object to be measured to bear against the shoulders of said steps.

20. A gage comprising a plate, oppositelydisposed pivots thereon, a block intermediate between said pivots, trapezoidal blades, adapted to form collectively a salient or rentrant angle, journaled upon said pivots and impinging against said block, steps upon the edges of the blades forming the angles, and means upon said blades, in juxtaposition to the said steps, for indicating the measurement of the objects gaged therewith.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES S. LABOFISH.

Witnesses:

HARRY S. WELCH, FRANK A. J oNEs. 

